Glaucoma is often called the ‘silent thief of sight’ because it typically progresses without noticeable symptoms until significant, irreversible vision loss has occurred. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide.
Understanding the Disease
In most forms of glaucoma, the drainage system of the eye becomes inefficient, leading to increased intraocular pressure. This elevated pressure gradually damages the optic nerve fibers, resulting in progressive peripheral vision loss.
Who Is at Risk?
Key risk factors include age over 40, family history of glaucoma, high myopia, diabetes, and prolonged corticosteroid use. However, glaucoma can affect anyone at any age.
The Importance of Early Detection
Since vision lost to glaucoma cannot be recovered, early detection is paramount. A comprehensive eye examination including intraocular pressure measurement, optic nerve evaluation, and visual field testing can detect glaucoma before significant damage occurs.
Treatment Options
Treatment aims to lower intraocular pressure through eye drops, laser procedures, or surgery. With modern treatments and regular monitoring, most patients with glaucoma can maintain useful vision throughout their lifetime.