Keratoconus is a progressive condition in which the normally round cornea thins and begins to bulge outward into a cone shape. This irregular shape prevents light from focusing properly on the retina, causing distorted and blurred vision. It typically begins during teenage years and may progress through the 20s and 30s.
The exact cause is not fully understood. It involves weakening of the collagen fibers that maintain corneal shape. Genetic factors play a role, with about 10% of patients having a family member with keratoconus. Eye rubbing, allergic eye disease, and connective tissue disorders are associated risk factors.
UV light and riboflavin drops strengthen corneal collagen fibers, halting or slowing disease progression. Most effective when done early.
Rigid gas-permeable, scleral, or hybrid lenses provide a smooth optical surface over the irregular cornea, significantly improving vision quality.
In advanced cases where contact lenses no longer provide adequate vision, a corneal transplant (keratoplasty) may be recommended.
Early detection and expert care make all the difference. Book a consultation with Dr. Pawan Gupta today.
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